Roman+Empire

The Roman Empire
The Roman Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman state in the centuries following its reorganization under the leadership of Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus (Caesar Augustus) in the last three decades B.C. Although Rome possessed an empire for centuries before the autocracy of Augustus, the pre-Augustan state is conventionally described as the Roman Republic. The Roman Empire controlled all of the Hellenized states that bordered the Mediterranean sea, as well as the Celtic regions of Northern Europe. The last emperor at Rome was deposed in 476, but by that date the Eastern regions had come to be administered by a second emperor based at Constantinople. The Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire continued to exist, though with gradually shrinking territory, until 1453 when Constantinople fell to the Ottoman Turks (See Byzantine Empire). Successor states in the west (the Frankish kingdom and the Holy Roman Empire) and the east (the Russian czars) used titles adopted from Roman practices well into the modern period. (http://www.timelineindex.com)

Date:January 25,2011 Page Title:Famous Romans || Date:Febuary 18,2011 Page Title:Roman Food - History for Kids! || Date:Febuary 22,2011 Page Title:Roman Dress ||
 * Source 1 || [|URL:http://www.roman-empire.net/children/famous.html]
 * Source 2 || [|URL:http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/romans/food/romanfood.htm]
 * Source 3 || [|URL:http://www.roman-empire.net/society/soc-dress.html]

Date:March 3,2011 Page:Roman Geography || Date:March 3,2011 Page: Schools In Roman Empire ||
 * Source 4 || [|URL:http://www.riverschool.org/students/work/culture.r.geo.htm]
 * Source 5 || [|URL:http://www.historylink102.com/Rome/roman-schools.htm]

As undergarments Romans would wear a simply loin cloth knotted on each side. This garment appeared to have several names. The most probable explanation for this is that they varied in shape. They were the subligar, subligaculum, campestre, licium and cinctus. So a senator could wear a tunic featuring a vertical broad purple stripe down the center. An equestrian could wear a tunic featuring two vertical narrow purple stripes on either side of the tunic. It is worth mentioning the tunica palmata which was a brightly coloured tunic embroidered with palm leaves and was worn by the triumphator during his triumph, or possibly by other dignitaries at other, very exceptional occasions. The richest form of the long-sleeved tunic, the dalmatica, in many cases replaced the toga altogether in the later years of empire. In the very same age, due to the influence of Germanic soldiers dominating the ranks of the army, long, close-fitting trousers were widely worn. The toga was made of wool. The rich had the luxury of choice of what kind of wool they sought to wear. Of Italian wares, the wool of Apulia and Tarentum were deemed the best. Meanwhile wool from Attica, Laconica, Miletus, Laodicea and Baetica were deemed of the finest quality of all. Boys of reasonably wealthy families already would be expected to wear the toga. In their case, the garment oddly shared its name with that of the senators, the toga praetexta. Silk clothing was available to the rich, but was solely used for female vestments, as for men it was deemed utterly effeminate until the late empire, when the courtiers of the 4th century dressed in elaborately embroidered silk robes. Roman footwear showed little distinction between male and female. One usually wore sandals tied round the ankle with thin strips of leather. There were of course other types of footwear. The pero was a simple piece of leather wrapped around the foot, the caliga was the hob-nailed military boot/sandal and the sculponea was a wooden clog, worn only by poor peasants and slaves. The tradition of intricately groomed beards was quite common among the Greeks and Etruscans (the principle cultural influences on the Romans). The Romans though until 300 BC remained pretty much ungroomed. It was only with the introduction of the fashion of shaving during the age of Alexander that the Greeks began to shave. This of course also happened in the area of Magna Graecia in southern Italy which was controlled by Greek colonies. From there the fashion was introduced to the Romans. || Ceaser- General, Politican,Statesman Marius- The Great Man of the Army Nero- The Madman of Rome Trajan- The Kind-Hearted Solider Constantine the Great- Unifier of a Divided Empire Justinian- The Last 'Great' Emperor || Rich: there wern't many rich people in rome, but the ones who were loved to show it off.The rich Romans wouldnt care about the taste they cared more about how much it cost or how hard it was to make. They would usually get slave cooks to make huge feasts.One complicated meal involved stuffing a chicken inside a duck, then the duck inside a goose, then the goose inside a pig, then the pig inside a cow, and cooking the whole thing together. They even sent slaves into the mountions to get snow for slushies.They also bought expensive sugers and spices to tender their meals. Poor: Most Romans drank wine and used olive oil to cook. Though some romans in the north drank beer and used butter for cooking and cleaning. ||
 * **Source** || **Topics** ||
 * 3 || **Clothing** ||
 * || In the ancient world, first and foremost clothes needed to be simple. As for possible materials there was only really one. Wool, although to some extent linen was also available.
 * Underwear**
 * Underwear**
 * The Tunic**
 * The Toga**
 * Women's Dress**
 * Footwear**
 * Beards and Hairstyles**
 * || **Transportation** ||
 * 4 || **Common Jobs** ||
 * || Farming was the most comman job. Farmers coulde be found everywere. ||
 * 5 || **Education** ||
 * || Schools were conducted in towns. Many children attended for five years to earn a basic education. Students used wax tablets to write on and an abacus to do their math. Discipline was strict, and teachers had authority to beat students if they were not paying attention. Some went to a secondary school known as a grammaticus. There they learned history, geometry, and astronomy. Those who wanted to continue their education learned the art of rhetoric, or discussion, which they could use in political debates. Wealthy citizens would send their children to Athens, the best of education in the ancient world, for this last step in the their education. Athens had developed a strong reputation for education from the time of Socrates. ||
 * || **Medical Science** ||
 * || **Places of Interest** ||
 * 1 || **Famous People and Their Contributions** ||
 * || Augustus- The first emperor
 * 1 || **Famous People and Their Contributions** ||
 * || Augustus- The first emperor
 * || Augustus- The first emperor
 * || **In the News** ||
 * 2 || **Food** ||
 * || The Romans food differed by how much money they owned.
 * || The Romans food differed by how much money they owned.
 * || **Pastimes** ||
 * || **Housing** ||
 * || **Family Life** ||
 * || **Family Life** ||
 * || **Family Life** ||